This review aimed to estimate the incidence of UTIs among CKD patients with an emphasis on the incidence rate and antibiotic resistance profile of uropathogens. A systematic literature search was performed in nine electronic databases. The period of the search was from 1st January 2000 until 31st January 2020. Quality assessment and meta-analysis were performed. N=75 articles that met the inclusion criteria for this systematic review were identified after screening n=55,799 articles. Overall analysis revealed that there was about 80% of the resistance cases of UTI were reported among the CKD patients from the selected studies with an effect size of 0.80 CI [0.76 – 0.83]. From various countries like China (EF 0.90 CI [0.82 – 0.95]), Indonesia (EF 0.99 CI [0.96 – 1.00]), Iraq (EF 0.38 CI [0.28 – 0.48]), Malaysia (EF 0.94 CI [0.92 – 0.95]), Oman (EF 0.99 CI [0.98 – 1.00]), and Saudi Arabia (EF 0.43 CI [0.34 – 0.53]) there was only one study eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis. However, for countries like Bangladesh, India, Iran, and Pakistan the number of studies was greater, and the pooled effect size of the number of resistance cases generated on the multiple studies. The prevalence of UTIs was 55.6% to 18% in kidney disease patients. Further studies are needed to identify the risk factors of urinary tract infections among CKD patients and to develop new antimicrobial agents for urinary tract infections.
