The journal is committed to maintaining the highest standards of publication ethics, research integrity, and responsible scholarly publishing.
All submitted manuscripts are evaluated in accordance with internationally recognized ethical standards and editorial best practices.
Research Integrity
The journal expects authors, reviewers, and editors to uphold principles of honesty, transparency, accountability, and scientific integrity throughout the publication process.
Research misconduct and unethical publication practices are not tolerated.
Forms of Publication Malpractice
The journal considers the following practices unacceptable:
• Plagiarism and substantial text overlap
• Data fabrication or falsification
• Manipulation of research findings
• Duplicate or redundant publication
• Simultaneous submission to multiple journals
• Improper authorship practices
• Undisclosed conflicts of interest
• Peer-review manipulation
• Citation manipulation
• Use of paper mills or fraudulent manuscript production services
• Misleading, undisclosed, or unethical use of artificial intelligence tools
Screening and Verification
Submitted manuscripts may undergo editorial screening, plagiarism similarity assessment, ethical evaluation, and peer-review integrity checks.
The journal reserves the right to request supporting information, ethical approvals, raw data, or clarification when concerns regarding scientific integrity arise.
Complaints and Ethical Concerns
Concerns related to research misconduct, authorship disputes, ethical violations, or publication malpractice may be submitted to the editorial office for confidential evaluation.
Editors will investigate concerns objectively and may seek clarification from authors, reviewers, or relevant institutions when appropriate.
Corrections and Retractions
Where publication errors, ethical concerns, or scientific inaccuracies are identified, the journal may publish:
• Corrections
• Expressions of concern
• Retractions
• Editorial notices
Such actions are undertaken to preserve the integrity and reliability of the scholarly record.
Editorial Responsibility
Editors maintain responsibility for ensuring fair editorial assessment, ethical oversight, and protection of publication integrity.
Editorial decisions are made independently and without influence from commercial, institutional, or personal interests.
Commitment to Ethical Publishing
The journal remains committed to strengthening publication integrity, promoting responsible research practices, and maintaining public trust in scholarly communication.
Last Updated:
22 May 2026
