This research explored the therapeutic outcomes of recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) gel, medical collagen sponge, and their combined application for treating deep second-degree burns on the head, face, or neck in infants. A total of 108 infants suffering from deep second-degree burns in the head, face, or neck areas were randomly allocated to three groups: one receiving rhGM-CSF gel alone, one treated with medical collagen sponge alone, and a third group receiving both rhGM-CSF gel and medical collagen sponge. Clinical endpoints measured included time for scab detachment, wound healing duration, rate of bacterial infection, and Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS) scores.
Infants in the combination therapy group (rhGM-CSF + collagen sponge) experienced significantly faster scab detachment and wound closure than those receiving either rhGM-CSF alone or collagen sponge alone (P < .05). Additionally, the proportion of positive bacterial cultures was lowest in the combination group (P < .05). At the three-month follow-up, VSS evaluation—covering scar thickness, flexibility, pigmentation, and vascularity—showed markedly lower scores in the combination group compared with the single-treatment groups (P < .05). Administering rhGM-CSF gel together with medical collagen sponge significantly improves treatment outcomes for deep second-degree burns in infants’ head, face, and neck regions. This strategy accelerates scab removal and wound healing, lowers infection risk, and reduces scarring and pigmentation, supporting its broader clinical adoption.
