To assess the impact of canagliflozin, dapagliflozin, ertugliflozin, empagliflozin, and sotagliflozin on glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Randomized controlled trials enrolling individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus were retrieved through comprehensive electronic searches of the Web of Science, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, PubMed, and ClinicalTrials databases up to June 2020. Study selection, quality appraisal, and data extraction were independently performed by two investigators. RevMan version 5.3 was utilized to conduct the meta-analysis and produce visual representations.
A total of 27 studies met the inclusion criteria. The meta-analysis demonstrated that SGLT inhibitors significantly lowered HbA1c levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Substantial heterogeneity was observed, prompting subgroup analyses, which revealed that stratifying participants into distinct groups effectively reduced heterogeneity. Although SGLT inhibitors demonstrated favorable reductions in HbA1c among individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus, potential differences in treatment response across various populations remain. Future studies are encouraged to explore the comparative efficacy and safety of SGLT inhibitors among distinct demographic and clinical subgroups.
